Burrell: 'I hoped to continue playing'
Warning: This article includes details of racially offensive language and behaviour
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell states that going public to expose racial discrimination in professional rugby brought his career to an early end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the sport, showing digital communications and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to end my career because of what happened," he explained to reporters.
"I hoped to continue competing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when news emerged that there were investigations underway.
"This situation was difficult - I had to simply come to terms with the outcome and accept that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "on the balance of probability", but said it could not collect enough evidence to categorically say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially excluded for their squad for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell revealed to journalists he also encountered prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 appearances after his debut in February 2014.
"I have had multiple traumatic experiences within the national team," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just old-school mentality that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"Over a period of time you just learn to believe that it's the standard and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was finally spurred to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the elite game and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"We has placed considerable attention on diversity and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work undertaken both before and after Luther Burrell came forward and shared his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"The organization are ongoing work with clubs and partners in the elite level to work for a environment of acceptance but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and women's rugby club now has face-to-face education on building inclusive environments, with its effectiveness monitored via specific documentation and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to intervene and defend others from damaging conduct.
"You be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"We know it has had this impact on you and finished your playing days, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff died shortly after the filming of the documentary, and his sibling passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in his hometown, maintains his work to make the sport more open.
His 12 Foundation works to reach young people in disadvantaged communities and support them succeed both on the pitch with free sports coaching, mentoring and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if others is prepared to tell their story then I'll persist to fight that fight because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he said.
"We have an obligation to make the game as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more confident others will become about discussing their personal experiences as well.
"I take the challenge by the horns and keep bearing this flag and keep carrying this weight and do what I can to create opportunities and make the game more appealing and more inclusive.
"There's a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of poverty and I honestly think that the sport has the potential to transform their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in November 2022